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Personality an Example of the Topic All Posts by

Character I. Presentation Perplexing individuals move surrounding us. You are one and I am one. Proof to show that we are single, obvious people is small; indeed, an enormous number of studies demonstrate that every one of us modifies our characters and acts in an unexpected way, contingent on conditions. Obviously a similar capacity remains constant in regards to ourselves. We do all way of very strange things that dont fit together objectivelylike the great Christian assessment evaderbut these inconsistencies dont cause us fall to pieces or to feel we are two distinctive peopleinstead, I am simply me, every one of the one individual. We consider all to be of ourselves as fitting together; as a rule it is the psychological patient, unexpectedly, who distinguishes the inconsistencies, and they are very troubling to him. Need exposition test on Character subject? We will compose a custom paper test explicitly for you Continue Character scholars fall prey to the longing for the good of solidarity for its own constantly. As one creator has called attention to, for instance, if a lady is once in a while furiously free and some of the time rather meek, the therapist will in general irregularity these two practices together, closing, for instance, that she is quite autonomous and overwhelming, yet to fulfill this requirement for control, now and again she should profess to be accommodating (Mischel, 2001). This is really dubious thinking. The fact is that character scholars to distort; in any event know about this as we talk about personality.Nonetheless, science can't progress without some association, and character hypotheses give this structure, is, something analysts can in any event seize so they have some system for conversation and experimentation. Character is hard to characterize for in any event two reasons. For one, character is diversely characterized by various scholars. Freud, for instance, would have said that character is comprised of personal conduct standards coming about because of the treatment of sexual and forceful motivations during adolescence. Others see the sources of conduct in an unexpected way. The subsequent trouble is that character is a definitive in multifaceted nature and inconstancy. How would we clarify Mr. Jones, who is the accompanying: a duty dodger, a tricky business administrator during the week, a reliable and obviously true churchgoer on Sunday, a dynamo at work and mild at home? What is character? Any definition could offer ascent to genuine grievances. Be that as it may, so as to give the conversation some structure, a definition is required: character comprises of generally suffering standards of conduct that bring about genuinely reliable responses to various diverse situations.Personality hypothesis endeavors to pinpoint explicit sorts of individuals, figure out what is answerable for delivering that kind of individual, and make forecasts about their conduct that will remain constant more often than not. II. Foundation A. The Meaning of Personality Character is an interesting territory of study, however a troublesome idea to characterize. In this investigation, we characterize character as the association of a people recognizing attributes, perspectives, or propensities; it incorporates the people interesting perspectives, carrying on, or in any case encountering the earth. The characteristics that make up ones character are moderately steady and sorted out into a totality. In view of this meaning of character, we can distinguish four separate errands that character analysts have tended to (Runyan, 2003). To investigate individual and gathering contrasts. Why are individuals not quite the same as one another? Are individuals from certain gatherings more like each other than different gatherings? For instance, are there character measurements that impact the manner in which we experience life occasions, for example, the midlife progress? To comprehend specific people. Understudies disclose to us this is a significant explanation that they take early on brain science. They need to discover what causes peoplethemselves as well as other people to do the things they do. To examine character forms. There are numerous character forms, including selflessness and sex-job contrasts. For instance, are manliness and feminity measurements of character that impact conduct in unsurprising ways?To create general speculations of character. Hypotheses of character are brought together clarifications for the totality of individual conduct. III. Conversation A. Exploration Issues in Personality Analysts have moved toward these errands utilizing a wide assortment of exploration strategies (Craik, 2003). Information about people groups characters can be acquired from their regular lead, just like the case in field contemplates. Individuals likewise uncover themselves through the results of their minds, and this procedure is utilized when character tests known as projective tests are given to individuals. A direct way to deal with social affair character information is to request that individuals round out self-report inventories about their qualities. With this strategy, two dangers are clear: People may not be completely mindful of what they resemble; and in the event that they will be, they may wish to conceal a portion of the imperfections they see. We gain data of an alternate sort about character when we approach others for their impressions of explicit individuals. This strategy is known as the utilization of eyewitness reports in research. Life accounts, for example, t hose life stories and life accounts, and chronicled material give a rich wellspring of information on specific people for the investigation of character. Clinical case narratives, on which a large number of the significant hypotheses are based, fall into this class. The most painstakingly controlled data originates from conduct in research facility investigations of character. In spite of the fact that control is augmented in lab considers, it is now and again to the detriment of naturalistic encounters. No single wellspring of data about character is the perfect, right source. Every one of these techniques are significant for getting data about character. Distributed examination on character, be that as it may, depends intensely on self-report inventories and research facility concentrates with restricted examples of individuals. Somewhere in the range of 1998 and 2002, 85% of the exploration distributed in significant diaries utilized these two strategies, and roughly 66% of the examination utilized under-graduate examples (Craik, 2003). In any case, there has been a pattern as of late toward more noteworthy utilization of true to life material, at times alluded to as psychobiography, in the investigation of character (Alexander, 2003). B. Psychoanalytic Models of Personality As indicated by psychoanalytic models of character, individuals are brought into the world with clairvoyant vitality that is changed and diverted during their ordinary course of improvement into complex human conduct. In the psychoanalytic view, the human brain is a functioning specialist, with divisions that shield some material from entering cognizant experience. We consider in detail psychoanalytic view, the human brain is a functioning specialist, with divisions that shield some material from entering cognizant experience. We consider in detail the psychoanalytic hypothesis of Sigmund Freud and, less significantly, other psychoanalytic viewpoints. Freuds Psychosexual Theory Freud grew a large portion of his hypothesis through his investigations of his patients, individuals who looked for his assistance or were alluded to him for help for mental issues. These issues, he accepted, were identified with the ways that instinctual vitality was diverted. For instance, patients experiencing insanity, a turmoil where physical manifestations are available without obvious natural premise, were suspected if permitting their sexual vitality to develop without properly releasing (Freud, 1977). As indicated by Freud, there are two wellsprings of instinctual vitality that are a definitive reason for all movement (Freud, 1977). One nature represents sentiments and conduct identified with self-safeguarding and conservation of the species, including sexual conduct; Freud called this the existence sense (eros). The other intuition, called the demise nature (thanatos), incites the individual toward animosity and devastation (Freud, 1977). A large portion of Freuds take a shot at character was worried about the existence sense. Nonetheless, Freuds sees in hostility and its place in human progress merit a slight diversion. Crude individuals, as indicated by Freud, had no limitations on the outflows of their senses. Articulation of sexual inclinations was not limited by normal practices and decency. Contemporary enlightened social orders, in any case, place genuinely unbending limitations on sexual articulation. We can just engage in sexual relations in proper spots and with specific individuals or we face extreme social assents. Essentially, human progress limits articulation of our forceful impulses. Freud felt that hostility was a subsidiary of the demise intuition, and that it could be diverted in two unique ways. Whenever coordinated toward oneself, at that point the individual dangers implosion. Whenever coordinated away from oneself, animosity is the outcome. On account of the sense requests an articulation, a decline in animosity expands the danger of implosion (Freud, 1977). Freuds sees on hostility are questionable in various regards. For a certain something, he discloses to us that human progress itself is a piece of our concern. IV. End From a useful perspective, Freuds idea that animosity is a sense that requests a releaseinstead of a type of social conduct that can be expanded or diminished through ecological circumstancesis particularly questionable. Think about the instance of TV viciousness. On the off chance that Freuds sees are right, at that point viewing broadcast savagery may really be something to be thankful for. Individuals could lessen their forceful impulses through purgation, on help of the feelings from survey the encounters of others. Maybe no part of regular day to day existence is more typical than staring at the TV. In the normal American family unit the TV is on over 6 hours every day, and the normal youngster between the ages of 2 and 11 watches it for abdominal muscle

Managing Employee Relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Overseeing Employee Relations - Essay Example With respect to keeping up a working and versatile corporate structure, EIP has been assuming a functioning persuasive job for the organizations. At the end of the day, the above talked about thought will in general keep up the working parity inside various corporate associations (Apostolou, 2000, pp. 21-23). Detectably, EIP is considered responsible for settling corporate request by giving successful rules and creating individuals’ practices. This specific methodology has regularly been favorable for associations to achieve their individual objectives alongside goals by fortifying dynamic strategies and using the accessible assets viably. The endeavors of individual representatives and data sources are profoundly viewed as significant components that help in accomplishing the principal goals of the organizations and empowering them to develop in a proficient way. Moreover, EIP isn't just a significant part according to the mechanical setting, yet in addition contributes in the improvement of the general economy (Holden, n.d., pp. 560-563). In light of this worry, the prime goal of this paper is to contend about the way that EIP on a very basic level plans to debilitate the group will of the laborers by individualizing their separate activities and furthermore adjusting them to the objectives of the businesses. Besides, the paper additionally talks about the disadvantageous elements engaged with the idea of EIP that may force negative effects over the working procedure of the representatives just as the exhibition of the associations so as to contend the previously mentioned certainty (West Virginia Department of Health and Human Sources, 2014, pp. 1-2). It is unequivocally accepted that with the ascent in globalization and internationalization, the estimation of business has raised progressively. Reasonably, the organizations have begun esteeming the association of representatives in their operational methodology, for the most part identified with dynamic.

Bio Ethics and Longevity Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Bio Ethics and Longevity - Term Paper Example Extending human life expectancy has enraptured researchers, savants and essayists for quite a while now. Also, ethicists have contended whether individuals should make a move to expand human life span, which isn't unexpected. This is in light of the steady media enthusiasm for inquire about in to forestalling or easing back maturing. Observing that, this paper will quickly sum up the moral contentions that emerged from this discussion, with an attention on an ongoing contextual analysis on Life-expansion and its consequences for memory and learning (on worms). At long last, it will give a rundown of investigate of the contextual analysis just as the genuine belief or moral stand. 1. Outline Case study: Life-expansion and its impact on memory and learning (on worms) The focal point of the contextual investigation is on two techniques to build the life span of different living beings - calorie limitation and modification hormone insulin. It asserts that examination has indicated that, diminishing movement identified with the insulin signal pathway sway life span decidedly. A few natural procedures, for example, digestion, advancement and stress reaction are activated by the difference in insulin signal pathway.1 A gathering of Biologists from Princeton as of late found that, modifying these instruments do likewise have a few outcomes on the organisms’ subjective capacity and their examination additionally uncovered that calorie limitation and diminished insulin flagging is connected to decreased memory and learning as the creature develop old, which calls for improvement of an extraordinary treatment to keep away from memory misfortune if individuals are to live more. As indicated by Coleen Murphy, life span inquire about deals with the presumption that individuals who can live longer ought to have their bodies work similarly well for the extra years. By and large with her exploration group, they discovered that calorie limitation had some serious impact o n the enduring memory of C.elegans roundworms. Incredibly, the worms just experienced weakness to long haul memory, yet didn't experience any decrease in memory with age. Thusly, this implies steady memory misfortune can be battled by calorie limitations. On another front, the worms that were tried different things with nonexclusive change diminished insulin dynamic, flagging insulin action. This test improved learning capacity with age, however the worms were not made sure about from age-related decrease in long haul memory. These worms were utilized in light of the fact that their atomic instruments which administered these worms were similar to higher life form like warm blooded animals, and this has given a promising would like to psychological research on people. Definition(s) Cognitive depends on or identified with or including thinking or thinking, which is an action of the psyche. In reality, Murphy’s group has made an enormous showing, however they must be certain th at it will apply to individuals too and how they can defeat the decrease in learning and memory of these worms being referred to. The data that human’s qualities are compared with those of C.elegans, empowered treatment of negative intellectual adjustment according to life span augmentation of the worms, which is a response to people look into. This examination suggests enormous conversation starters. Will there be value in access to this mediation once it is out? How can it sway our profound quality as individuals? Is the utilization of worms as having a similar memory as people moral? The accompanying standards and scholarly papers attempt to think about these inquiries. 2.

Unsymmetrical Bending of a Cantilever Lab Report

Unsymmetrical Bending of a Cantilever - Lab Report Example The hardware was set up as appeared in the lab manual. The two rearward were relaxed and the internal two datum pegs reached by setting the point between the two markers at 900. One of the examples was chosen and fitted in the base toss with the top throw fitted with the highest point of the example and the augmentation piece to the base toss. The rope was then put on the notch and ignored the sliding pulley. The example was then pivoted in the wake of fixing the top throw. The markers were permitted to travel 10 mm forward and 3 mm in reverse. The edge was tapped to diminish grinding and loads applied in 100 g increases upto 500 g on the finish of the rope. The subsequent deflectins were recorded under Head edge: 0⠰’ title. The methodology was rehashed while pivoting the example clockwise 22.5â ° while fixing. By utilizing dU/dP and dV/dP as a point’s coordinate, the focuses in that shaped the Mohr’s hover as appeared in the outcomes. From the circle, the IX and IY were determined for the examination and contrasted with the hypothetical figuring. Further, the chart of U and V (mm) against the pulling mass was utilized to decide the impact of the readings on load’s flightiness. This chart was helpful in finding the situation at which the readings of the two pointers were equivalent. From this, the shear place was set up by deciding the convergence point. In which case, at whatever point the heap is set at the convergence point (shear focus), the shaft doesn't wind, since the two indicators’ readings are equivalent (Ross, 2009, 198). So as to confirm the fulfillment of the outcomes, hand figurings were done and afterward contrasted and the hypothetical qualities. In which case, the separation between shear focus and line L was determined to affirm the exactness of the outcomes. In any case, there was a distinction that can be

Catching Up with Author Sigal Samuel

Catching Up with Author Sigal Samuel Sigal Samuel is an award-winning fiction writer,  journalist, essayist, and playwright. Currently opinion editor at the  Forward, she has also published work in the  Daily Beast, the  Rumpus,  BuzzFeed, and Electric Literature. She has appeared on NPR, BBC, and Huffington Post Live.  Her six plays have been produced in theaters from Vancouver to New York. Sigal earned her MFA in Creative Writing from the University of British Columbia.  Originally from Montreal, she now lives and writes in Brooklyn. The Mystics of Mile End is her first novel. Rachel Cordasco: Favorite writers? Favorite books? Sigal Samuel: My favorite dead writer is Fyodor Dostoyevsky, who wrote Brothers Karamazov. My favorite living writer is Nicole Krauss, who wrote The History of Love. Which sometimes leads me to wonder: What sort of person would you get if you combined the two? And what sort of book would that person write? I dont know, but it would probably be depressing as hell, in the most beautiful way possible. RC: How has growing up in Canada and living in the U.S. informed your writing/general worldview? SS: I grew up in Canada reading a lot of American books, and they always made it seem like the entire universe consisted of a few blocks in Brooklyns Park Slope plus a few blocks in Manhattans Upper West Side. When I wrote the first draft of my novel, I unselfconsciously set it in Montreal. By the time I sat down to write the second draft, I had moved to Brooklyn and was wondering whether I should move the whole story down here, too. Would that make my novel more marketable? Easier for American readers to relate to? Ultimately I decided that the world has enough Brooklyn books, and that I would trust readers to take an interest in something beyond their immediate surroundings. They havent let me down. RC: Im loving your debut novel, The Mystics of Mile End. What was the genesis of the book and how did that change as you wrote? SS: My dad was a professor of Jewish mysticism and he taught me Kabbalah starting at a very young age. So I always knew I wanted to make use of those texts and ideas in a novel. (Or, to put it more accurately, I couldnt not use them â€" telling me not to write about mystics wouldve been like telling me not to breathe oxygen.) I wanted to take these medieval religious ideas and bring them into a contemporary, secular, urban setting, so that I could explore the question: What would happen if someone like you or me tried to climb the Kabbalahs Tree of Life as a way to reach God, right now, in 2015? I turned to J.D. Salingers Franny and Zooey often while writing, because I think hes asking a similar question in that book, which is one of my favorites. But whereas Salinger uses two voices to tell his story, I found I needed a few more. I wanted to show a dysfunctional Jewish family falling under the sway of a dangerous mystical obsession, with each person getting the chance to tell their side of the story. Here are the four perspectives I ended up with: an endearingly nerdy little boy, an atheist middle-aged professor, a female college student whos losing her mind, and the Montreal neighborhood they all live in â€" Mile End â€"  which is home to hipsters and Hasidic Jews. RC: How does working as an editor and writer at the Forward influence your fiction-writing and vice versa (or at all)? SS: Working as a newspaper editor has cured me of the tendency to get too attached to my own passages, even (or especially) when theyre long meandering paragraphs full of very pretty sentences that dont advance the plot. I used to find it impossible to cut those paragraphs. Now Im so practiced at hacking away at other writers work that I know better than to protest but I couldnt possibly shorten that, this part simply cant be cut! An editor needs me to chop 10,000 words out of my book? I say, sure, no problem. Caveat: In every book there will be at least one passage that you will fight to the death to keep. Thats good. Mine is on page 130. RC: What advice would you give to aspiring authors? SS: If you dont see characters like yourself or your relatives represented in books, dont assume that means you cant write about such people. Assume the opposite! Why not write  exactly  those kinds of people? Instead of aiming for some mythic neutral universal (to borrow a phrase from Zadie Smith), trust that you will get at the universal through the particular. RC: Whats your favorite Yiddish-ism? SS: My favorite Yiddish-ism is Verter zol men vegn un nit tseyln, which means: Words should be weighted, not counted. The characters in my novel are all terrible communicators, and theyre constantly hoarding language, counting out each precious phrase they expend, as if they believe were each born with a finite stash of words inside us and as soon as we use them all up well die. Actually, one of my characters believes that literally. I always want to tell him: Yes, by all means, weigh your words, consider them carefully, but dont be so goddamn miserly! Since my own Jewish family doesnt actually come from Yiddish-speaking Eastern Europe â€"  instead, were from India, Iraq and Morocco â€"  I cant leave without also giving you one of my favorite Arabic-isms. Bukra fil mishmish is an expression that literally translates to tomorrow morning, you can have apricots. Thing is, you can never really enjoy apricots the day after you pick them, because they turn to mush too fast. So when you say this phrase to someone, youre sarcastically telling them: It aint gonna happen. Or, as a Brooklynite might say: Fuhgeddaboutit. Sign up to Unusual Suspects to receive news and recommendations for mystery/thriller readers.

My Strategy for a Perfect Score ACT Reading and MCAT CARS

1. Set a time limit to read the questions If you’re reading this, I imagine you’re looking to improve your reading score on either the ACT or the MCAT and ideally, you’re in one of two boats: 1) You are consistently a few points shy of that 36 on the ACT Reading or 132 on MCAT CARS and are looking to bridge that last gap 2) Are struggling with the reading section in general, and are looking for a strategy that will give you a clear, structured approach Both the ACT and MCAT reading sections can be fickle contributors to your composite score—just missing one additional question can bring your score down a whole point. Here’s the portion of the raw score to scale score chart for the ACT on Princeton Review’s website. Though there aren’t any similar charts for the MCAT CARS section, the effect is similar. The point is, there is little room for error in the reading sections, so mistakes need to minimized at every turn. Recognizing this during my ACT studying years ago, I’ve used my set of strategies religiously ever since then in every testing setting for reading comprehension. It allowed me to achieve perfect scores for the reading sections in the ACT and the MCAT, and to do so consistently on the practice tests I took ahead of the real thing. The basis of my strategy is one that is identified in many standardized testing resources and blogs—read the questions first before reading the passage. However, there are a few steps and details in that process that are essential for transforming what can otherwise be a wasteful exercise into a highly effective strategy. 1. Set a time limit to read the questions This should take 60 seconds maximum. Any time spent longer than that risks leaving you with too little time to actually read the passage and answer the questions. 2. Skim the questions for important terms Rather than reading every question from start to finish, skim them and extract the important words. A good way to train yourself to do this is to highlight important aspects of the question—what is it asking, and where is the answer? Highlight 2-3 words in the â€Å"meat† of the question to clearly identify what it’s asking. The â€Å"where† is usually either: somewhere specific in the passage that the question identifies requires reading of the whole package (e.g. main idea), asks you to make an inference outside the scope of the passage 3. Classify the question and mark up the passage appropriately What you do next will depend on the â€Å"where† assessment that you make for each question: If a question refers you to a specific section of the passage (e.g. lines 21-24), IMMEDIATELY go to that section of the passage. Do NOT read it but simply underline or highlight the contents of that section. Then move on to the next question. If a question refers to the main idea: write the number of the question in the empty space below the end of the passage. If a question asks you to make an outside inference: answer this question last. You do not need to mark anything up. The danger here is that you forget about the question, so find a method that works for you to make sure you don’t skip it on accident. On the ACT, i put a giant star next to it, while on the MCAT I just flag the question (since the test is on the computer) and then un-flag it after I’ve answered. Do this for every question for a given passage in under 60 seconds. It seems like a lot, but once you get comfortable with this process, this can be done pretty easily in about 30 seconds. 4.Read the passage/Answer the questions: Every time you encounter a highlight in the passage because it references a specific word or section that a question asks about, stop reading and IMMEDIATELY go to the question and answer it. This maximizes the chance you get it correct since the content is fresh in your mind and uninfluenced by irrelevant details in the rest of the passage. You also save time because you do not have to return and re-read the same section later. Once you reach the end of the passage, you should have answered 2-4 questions already, depending obviously on how many questions existed asked about a specific part of the As soon as you finish the passage, think about the main idea that you are left with upon concluding. Briefly review the passage to verify whether that main idea is supported by the structure of the paragraphs, and note any counter-arguments or contradictions. Alter the main idea in your head accordingly. As soon as you finish that process, immediately answer all of the questions that refer to the passage as a whole. These questions can be about main idea, author’s attitudes and tone, organization, etc. Answer remaining questions that did not fit any of the above molds. Verify that every question has been answered, and move on to the next passage. The reason this strategy works is for two main reasons: Reason #1 It is time-efficient because you are answering the questions while reading the passage, and you are reading the passage with knowledge of the types of questions you are going to be asked. This primes your memory—you can focus on aspects of the passage you know are important, while using less of your attention on details that have nothing to do with the questions. Also, once you finish reading the passage, you might even be done with answering half the questions. Reason #2 It decreases the amount of time between finishing the passage and answer the last question. Many mistakes are a product of forgetting some aspect of the passage by the time you’re answering the question. Since you’re answering the questions on a specific section immediately after reading that section, and answering the rest of the questions after finishing the passage, this minimizes that risk. This strategy is slightly more difficult to use on the MCAT since it is computer based and you can’t write on the actual test, but I made sure to practice beforehand by writing on a piece of scratch paper to classify the questions. Though it may seem challenging, this strategy only takes a little practice until it becomes second nature, and the benefits—faster completion, fewer mistakes—are worth it. Interested in working with Shaq on the ACT or the MCAT? ; Want to read more on the subject of the MCAT or ACT? How long does it take to study for the MCAT Test? The Best Standardized Test Tip? Comparitive Process of Elimination How to Take a Systematic Approach to Problems on the MCAT

Principal Of Financial Markets Apple Inc. - 1004 Words

PRINCIPAL OF FINANCIAL MARKETS ASSIGNMENT 1. Introduction Apple Inc. and Microsoft INC are the most popular and oldest company in the field of technology. Below we have shown the data and facts of the two companies and shown the comparison between them and also how different market factors have affected them. 2. BACKGROUND IN FORMATION OF APPLE INC. APPLE is a technology company from America whose headquarters is in California. It mainly deals in electronic, computer software’s and many other online services. It also designs these stuffs. The hardware products of apple include IPHONE, IPAD, MAC COMPUTER and apple SMARTWATCH. APPLE was established in April 1 1976 by three people namely a) Steve Jobs b) Steve Wozniak c) Ronald Wayne. It was†¦show more content†¦This valuable company was establish on April 4 1975 and founded by a) Paul Allen b) Bill Gates Historical data says the Microsoft have created lots of millionaires through its product in mids 80. But in current generation due to introduction of android and also many other companies are in competition. 4. Below are the factors that are used to check the market risk of the two companies due to their change. GDP GROWTH (Gross Domestic Product) GDP is the factor that is used to check the health of company’s economy. In Australia GDP is reported by the group of world bank. The GDP of Australia in the year 2014 was estimated to be 1453.77 billion. Australia’s GDP values 2.34 % of the world’s economy INTEREST RATE. Reserve Bank of Australia is fully responsible for setting the interest rate. According to the latest information receive the interest rate of Australia is 2.00 %. Interest rate is a very important factor which affects most of the companies as no company can run without funds from bank. EXCHANGE RATES All the profit made by the company through exports depends on the exchange rates. If the exchange rate is high prices decrease but if fallen prices increase. As the exchange rate of Australia is fluctuating, currently the exchange rate of Australia is $1=0.72 US$ 5. Effects of GDP, exchange rate and interest rate on APPLE GDP. As we know Australia GDP is 2.34% of the world’s economy. As it

The Community Through Service Oriented Activities

Community Involvement Describe how you demonstrate your commitment to the community through service-oriented activities including volunteer work, civic and other group activities. I am fully committed to bridging the gap between the school and the community. According to an African Proverb, â€Å"It takes a village to raise a child†. The children of today are faced with a myriad of obstacles that they must overcome in order to be successful. My commitment begins with taking the school to the community. We begin our school year with a field trip through the communities that we serve. It is imperative to see where our students come from so that we can begin to foster relationships with the students and parents. As an educator, I invest countless hours before and after school tutoring students and parents on the Georgia Standards of Excellence. Parents and students have opportunities to schedule a time to get assistance in any content area. I am highly qualified to teach all subject areas except Scie nce. However, I am very resourceful when it comes to helping our parents and students. I also volunteer to assist our Parent Liaison by providing educational resources for the parent meetings that are hosted at the school. These resources include technology websites and computer resources like Edmodo. This is one way I ensure that I am meeting the needs of all the students and providing necessary support so the parents can help their children at home. Hosting community events isShow MoreRelatedThe Use Of Technology And Officer Education1110 Words   |  5 Pages During the early days of American law enforcement, there were very few guidelines, or policies in place that governed the police forces (Bohm, 2010). It was not uncommon for police officers to pay for their appointments through political connections, which led to the widespread corruption that was common during this time frame. It was not until the early 1900s that the movement began to reform police departments, and t o try and put an end to this corruption. One of these movements was led byRead MoreThe Preventive Approach Of The First Policing System Essay1384 Words   |  6 Pagesand trust in the police officers through the idea of policing by consent. This method of policing requires the police to control crime through more positive methods and involving the community in the overall prevention and deterrence of crime. For the purposes of this paper I will be focusing on the proactive style of policing, and more specifically community policing and problem oriented policing. 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The country was demanding improved police-community relations; increase educations for officers; diversity in the ranks; and controls on police discrimination. Commnities felt alienated from the police force and demanded a solution. In response to the growing concerns, research was conducted. CongressRead MoreProblem Oriented Policing Essay1028 Words   |  5 PagesProblem Oriented Policing Problem-oriented policing presents an alternative approach to policing that has gained attention in recent years among many police agencies. Problem-oriented policing grew out of twenty years of research into police practices, and differs from traditional policing strategies in four significant ways.  · First, problem-oriented policing enables police agencies to be more effective. Currently, police agencies commit most of their time to responding to calls for serviceRead MoreEssay On Community Service Hours1557 Words   |  7 Pagesschool students have to complete community service hours to graduate? Goal or Thesis 2007, WA high schools to make community service compulsory The Western Australian Government is introducing a compulsory program which will force all high school students to complete community service work in order to graduate. The program will require students in years 10, 11 and 12 to do at least 20 hours of community service. Partnerships between schools and community service organisations will be centralRead MoreThe Implementation Of Police And Community Outreach Programs Essay875 Words   |  4 Pagesprostitutes and violent crimes. As we all know, criminal activities occur at all social levels in our society; however, various studies indicate that most criminal activities do occur more frequently in federal subsidized communities. Educational systems in poor communities are not academically up to par with schools in wealthier neighborhoods. Unemployment rates are higher in poor communities, and teenage pregnancies and criminal activities are significantly higher as compared to wealthy neighborhoodsRead MoreTheories Of Crime Analysis Spring1300 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluential types of policing include community oriented policing, problem oriented policing and intelligence led policing. Community oriented policing or community policing, is a policing strategy that focuses on working closely with and building ties with members of the community. Community policing involves the use of partnerships between municipal agencies, businesses, individual citizens, non-profit groups and the media in order to develop methods to police the community. It requires police to takeRead MorePolice Enforcement And Community Policing1444 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to COPS and the U.S. Department of Justice, community policing begins with a commitment to building trust and respect between police and communities. Many police department and citizens within the communities collaborate and they more effectively address underlying issues, change negative behavioral patterns, and allocate resources. Bureau of Justice Statistics defines community policing as, â€Å"A philosophy that promotes organizational strategies, which support the systematic use of partnershipsRead MoreThe Growing Cases Of Burglaries878 Words   |  4 PagesIn response to the growing cases of burglaries, the police have come up with problem-oriented and community-oriented policing as the major strategies for investigating and curbing burglaries. The belief in employing problem-based policing is that the more the number of officers, the higher the chances of identifying the causes of breaking and entering and subsequent reduction of this crime. As such, there are a number of factors that have been identified as contributing to increasing cases break-ins

All About Negative Interest Rates

The Problem Of Senior Homelessness - 1360 Words

Senior homelessness is at an all time high, and will only increase in the coming years with the continuous growth of the senior population. Recent upsurges in the elder population are mostly due to the demographic group of individuals born post-World War II, known as the Baby Boom Generation. Between the years 2000 and 2010 a 31.5% increase of the population aged 45-64 (known as the older adult age range) reflects those born in this era. Being homeless, especially in these late years of life, causes for many problems related to health and mortality. Individuals under these circumstances lack mobility resulting in disability, lack health care and necessary resources such as food water and shelter, and are also put at risk to mental illnesses as well as substance abuse. While identifying the major risks associated with homelessness in the elderly population, a plan can be addressed and put into action to provide the supportive services necessary to cater to this overwhelming problem in our society. Firstly, it is important to understand the greater health risks these specific populations of people are exposed to. Elder adults beyond age 50 are more likely to be subject to chronic illnesses than homeless adults under the age of 50 (CSH and Hearth inc.). To support this, studies have been done that show the prevalence of disease in such populations. One study in particular found that 85% of homeless adults older than 50 reported to having at least one serious chronicShow MoreRelatedHomelessness : The New York City Shelter System1093 Words   |  5 PagesHomelessness in America Homelessness in America has been slowly decreasing since 2013. In 2014 the New York City shelter system reported an increase of seven percent, from 50,135 in 2013 to 53,615 in 2014. In 2013 more than 111,000 different New Yorkers looked to the shelter system to give them safety, this is also including 40,000 different children. Overall homelessness has dropped by at least 2.3 percent, homelessness has decreased among every subpopulation. Veterans make up 10.5 percent ofRead MoreEssay about The United States Homeless Population879 Words   |  4 Pagespopulation continues to grow rapidly. Homelessness has been a public health issue for many decades. Often times these individuals feel as though society has turned a blind eye to them. This at risk population is seen by society as lazy or chose to live a life on the streets, but if one would examine this population closely would see that there is more to this at risk population than what society has labeled them as. The forces, whi ch affect homelessness, are multifaceted. Social forces such asRead MoreHomelessness Should Not Be A Pervasive Issue812 Words   |  4 Pagesthe year 2016; in a modern, industrialized society, homelessness should not be a pervasive issue. Did you know that one out of every 30 children in the United States is homeless? (Crary and Leff). According to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, otherwise referred to as â€Å"HUD,† chronic homelessness is defined as â€Å"an individual or family who has been homeless for a year† (Mathias). Current statistics show that chronic homelessness is still a major issue that we face in society, butRead MoreHomelessness : The Problem Of Homelessness1350 Words   |  6 PagesHomelessness There are many parts to the subject of homelessness, of course people talk about the solutions to it like The Ten Year Plan, then there is the history of it starting from the 1640’s. Also there is discussions about Homeless Shelters and more recently Anti-homeless Legislation. 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Essay on Beowulf study guide - 1576 Words

1) Describe how we find King Hrothgar and his response to learning that Beowulf has come to his kingdom. A. The king is sad and depressed that his kingdom has fallen into such a state of disrepair. He is overjoyed to learn that Beowulf, whom he knows from stories and his father, Ecgtheow, has come to fight Grendel. Hrothgar promises Beowulf treasure if he can defeat the monster. 2) In the beginning of â€Å"Beowulf,† King Hrothgar’s hall has been deserted for twelve years. In a short essay, tell why the hall has been deserted. Be sure to include specific examples from the text. What happened to those who ventured into the hall during those 12 years? What was the cause of this? At what time of day did these events take place? Explain. A. A.†¦show more content†¦5) What is the outcome of Beowulfs battle with Grendel? A. Grendel gets away, but he is fatally wounded and goes to his den to die. 6) Describe the setting where Beowulf fights Grendels mother A. The den of Grendel and his mother is the bottom of a dark lake. It is covered with dark mists and trees whose roots travel down into the deep water. At night the lake burns like a torch. 7) Imagine that Grendel has escaped unharmed after fighting Beowulf at Herot. Based on what the poem has taught you about the monster, what do you think Grendel will do next in his war against Beowulf and the Danes? Use reasons and examples from Beowulf to further explain your opinion. A. Grendel will return to fight Beowulf again. They may note that Grendel is determined to battle humans and the forces of good. He is also a strong, proud, and brave monster used to winning his battles. 8) What follows Beowulf’s battle with Grendel that brings further sorrow to King Hrothgar? A. To avenge her sons death, Grendels mother comes to Herot and kills a warrior who happens to be Hrothgars closest friend. 9) List three reasons why Grendel from Beowulf might have led a painful life. A. Grendel is impatient with the music and celebration of Hrothgar’s men; his home is a hell on earth; he was born in slime; his parents are the children of Cain, who were exiled by God; he is family to â€Å"a thousand forms of evil,† who angrily fight against God. 10) Many critics and teachers believeShow MoreRelatedEssay on Good vs Evil in Beowulf1568 Words   |  7 PagesIn Beowulf, the clash between good and evil is the poems main and most significant focal point. Although the epic poem Beowulf utilizes many characteristics of Christian themes, the violence in the poem relates to paganism. By exploring the characteristics of â€Å"good vs. evil† such as Cain, Grendel and Beowulf, this paper will explore the elements of Beowulf in such a light. 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The poem is infused with multiple elements of their pagan religion. However, when they immigrated to England and began to tell the tale of Beowulf, the local inhabitants began to listen and put their twist on it. Douglas Wilson states: Through a heroic poem about pagans that never mentions Christ, Beowulf is the opposite of syncretistic compromise. It isRead MoreBeowulf And The Anglo Saxon Period1740 Words   |  7 PagesBeowulf The original poem, Beowulf, goes back to the Anglo-Saxon period in c. 650 and c.1100. Authors translated Beowulf many times in the Anglo-Saxon period to present day. It displays how a hero should be in the real world. He helps the people in the village and slays monsters. Everyone in the village looks up to him as he acts as if he were a role model. Beowulf, the protagonist in the translated Beowulf by Seamus Heaney, is a hero of his village, stands for bravery, strong will, and noblenessRead MoreThe Heroes Of The Epic Of Beowulf By William Shakespeare1292 Words   |  6 PagesYet, In Beowulf, despite Beowulf’s heroism and his preoccupation with honor, he operates with free will and without the burden of a character flaw. Heroism is attached with its own qualities that make up the characteristics of Beowulf and Aeneas. Throughout Beowulf, his acts of heroism were highly praised. Many times, the king of the Danes praised Beowulf for his battle accomplishments and believed he would excel in defeating the monster that terrorized his castle. The king looks to Beowulf as ifRead MoreExplaining the Three Stages in The Heros Journey Essay1757 Words   |  8 Pagesthis concept, there are a few stories covered in this class that can be used. Beowulf is an epic poem telling the story of Beowulf, a legendary Geatish hero who later becomes king in the aforementioned epic poem. While the story in and of itself is quite interesting, for the purpose of this paper it is important to look at the character more so then his deeds, or rather why he did what he did. In the story, Beowulf travels to Heorot to help King Hrothgar with a problem involving a monster namedRead MoreEssay about John Miltons Paradise Lost as Christian Epic1147 Words   |  5 Pagessubject of his great work the fall of man, from Genesis, which was a very popular story to discuss and retell at the time. His whole life had led up to the completion of this greatest work; he put over twenty years of time and almost as many years of study and travel to build a timeless classic. The success of his poem lies in the fact that he skillfully combined classic epic tradition with strongly held Puritan Christian beliefs. In Paradise Lost, Milton uses many conventions of the classic epicRead MoreComparing Beowulf And Sir Gawain And The Green Knight Essay1762 Words   |  8 Pageswork. Beowulf and Sir Gawain both exhibit what the Anglo-Saxons and the Middle-English viewed as both proper and improper conduct. What the reader encounters through these two characters, however, involves a paradigm shift between the two cultures, with values, fate and pride leading to demise , reflected in Beowulf contrasting with those, the knight’s code of honor and chivalry, expressed in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. These dissimilar worldviews become apparent through an archetypal study ofRead MoreWhat Makes A Hero?1541 Words   |  7 Pagestook much more. It took honesty, wisdom, and in some cases, wealth and superhuman abilities. With time new stories and beliefs are uncovered. In ancient times there were heroes that we can study today through books. Some of the most well known heroes are: Achilles, Ody sseus, Aneius, Socrates, Gilgamesh, Beowulf, and King Arthur. Achilles was a well known Greek hero. He was a warrior that faught long and hard for his people. He was a superhuman, believed to be part god. His mother dipped him inRead MoreEssay Study Guide1115 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Study Guide for World Lit. Exam 2 1. What does Beowulf mean when he says that an undoomed man can escape death in battle if his courage is good? If you are undoomed you might be able to escape death if you fight well in battle. If you don’t fight well or bravely you still have a possibility of death. If you are doomed, no matter how you fight you’re going to die. 2. In what ways is the code by which Beowulf fights like the Greek heroic code and different? The Greek heroic code involves

Strategic Management of Handelsbanken †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Management of Handelsbanken. Answer: Organization Description Handelsbanken is a Swedish bank providing with global banking solution. The services provided by Handelsbanken includes: Traditional corporate transaction, investment banking and consumer banking products. It is one of the major Swedish banks with over 460 branches. Since 1990, the bank is expanding its operations in other Nordic countries. The largest banking operations are in Britain with around 207 branches as of April 2016. It holds a strong position in the market and across the globe with an effective networking in other Nordic countries (Lindsay and Libby, 2007). Handelsbanken Culture The bank has an incredible strength in terms of corporate values. The organizational values act as a backbone for every single employee. The proactive culture allows in decision making, behaviour and communication. It has a positive result that turns values into culture, culture into customer experiences. This is creating a bottom line experience for the employees. The organization is driven by value system and doesnt believe in fancy slogan. Our Way describes how Handelsbanken be supposed to demeanour banking operations: how it should choose customers and employees, how it ought to grant loans, how it should communicate and lot many things (Kroner, 2011). The banking culture has a primary motive of being different with a motive to meet customers need. The goal is to gain higher return on equity, creation of a unique customer experiences and a higher profitability. They are focusing on personal services and advisory to allow an effective decision making. The culture took a long-term approach and be patient by Building a culture that yields results. The focus of Handelsbanken is to make leaders cultural ambassadors. Possibly the most significant thing is to develop an effective communication to make leaders effective culture-bearers. They are the one passing on the exceptional features in internal meetings and meetings with customers (Larsen, et al 2015). The focus of culture is to manage the entire internal channels in order to gain competency not in home country but in abroad as well. The culture fosters a uniform set of rules and regulations. The corporate culture is repeatedly professed by the HR Department located in every country (Lerpold, 2007). Entry mode in foreign market In the 1980s, Handelsbanken opened numerous branch offices in other countries, in order to sustain corporate banking activities. 1990 onwards the bank has acquired several smaller Norwegian, Finnish and Danish banks in the other Nordic countries. In 1998, the bank has started its operations in Denmark, Finland and Norway in an effective way. In 1999, Handelsbanken determined to increase in the United Kingdom by organic growth. In 2002, the bank started operating in the UK as the other regional bank (Bartholdi, 2013). As far as mode of entry is concerned, Handelsbanken enters the international market by opening a branch. The Swedish bank is constrained by both domestic and foreign regulations. The National regulations only allowed minor operations in foreign markets. Other countries did not permit foreign banking ventures to operate in mainland. The Swedish banks choices and possibilities for internationalisation were clearly constrained. Since the 1990s circumstances have changed due to foreign and domestic deregulation, permitting Swedish banks to expand their foreign ownership and increase internationally (Jakobsson, Edvardsen and Henriksson, 2009). The rapid growth of the bank has taken place due to a strong financial position of its Swedish parent group. The unconventional approach adopted by the company helps in expanding the business operations. The key strategy adopted is to see growth is that the bank. The keen focus is on "prudent" lending and keeping losses on bad loans down slightly th an branching out into shorter-term relationships with customers. . Handelsbankens organisation is strongly decentralised, and based on the customers requirements. This permits an effective decision making regarding individual customers relationships with the Bank. The bank directly works in coordination with the customer (Vasankari, 2010). Handelsbanken has more satisfied customers than any of its peer banks. The bank is one of the most cost-effective listed full-service banks in Europe. The bank has had higher return on equity than the average of its peer banks. In late 1991, the bank introduced telephone banking services and on 10 December 1997 online banking followed (Bergheim and Ings, 2014). Impact of Handelsbanken culture on entry mode Handelsbanken has a faith on Oktogonen, its profit-sharing scheme. The organization provides growth to every individual employee. They are following a simple standard by giving an equal share of the banks profits to individual employee. The money earned is used to buy Handelsbanken shares for each staff member. It can be accessed only when employees attain the age of 60. The ultra-equitable approach allows the bank teller to receive the same payout from Handelsbanken on retirement as its chief executive (Crane and Matten, 2016). The goal is to gain higher return on equity, creation of a unique customer experiences and a higher profitability. They are focusing on personal services and advisory to allow an effective decision making.The other significant feature that distinguishes the bank from its counterpart is as follows: - The bank does not pay bonuses, with the exclusion of a small number of staff in its investment banking sector - They do not have any financial plans - They dont have a sales target - They do not set long-term goals and has no central marketing budget; - The bank doesnt foster a credit exemption mechanism. -The most notable feature is the small number of staff (Dossa and Kaeufer, 2014). The local branch handles all the queries and makes requisition too. Branches source all their services locally by handling all the operations. Handelsbanken customer does not deal with a call centre. For any query, they can reach to a branch manager until the work is been outsourced. The customer experience at is dissimilar no matter which originate away in the middle of major British banks. They are focusing on personal services and advisory to allow an effective decision making (Englund, 2015). The culture took a long-term approach and be patient by Building a culture that yields results. This cross-cultural effective approach helps in managing the functions in the most appropriate way. The banking design helps individual to make a smart investment. This helps in achieving a sustainable growth on the foreign land (Johansson, 2016). They are no glass barriers in the branch. The customers can walk into a branch in Sweden and greeted by educated people. In spite of this enthusiasm for the bank, Handelsbanken share surprisingly perform well with a given record of outperformance. Only one of the 32 analysts covering the bank has a buy recommendation on it. Until 1970, the bank was run like most other banks. All through the 1960s it engrossed all the smartmanagement techniques from the US banking industry. This has helped the banking mechanism in gaining effectiveness. It has an effective operating mechanism more or less the same worldwide model that most large lenders run today. Effective measures undertaken by Handelsbanken to overcome global-local dilemma In a speedily globalizing world, it is important for the business organizations to operate at a large scale. In order to do so successfully they face the dilemma on operating the functions globally or either they should firmly rooted in local cultures, markets and power networks. For Multi National Organizations (MNOs), this dilemma focuses on a precise field ofmanagement knowledge, Human Resource Management. The idea of the organization is to maintain effectiveness on how employees think about their work is based on an apprehension for the long-term interest. The Success depends upon the short-term gains. The bank is following the Prudence as their guiding principle. Risk should primary be handled by working with economically sound customers (Johansson, 2016). Cost efficiency is highlighted within this very all-purpose frame for banking operation. In order to gain productivity, the message about decentralization and empowerment is particularly pronounced to gain appropriateness. The branch is seen as a platform to address the risks and to deal with the majority of issues. The organization is looking onto the changing banking scenario to support those who are truly doing business. Employee working at each branch has to follow the rules and guidelines. The appropriateness depends upon the effectiveness of work carried out at the branch. The employees in the bank are supposed to discuss throughout. Every branch located at different places receives an acknowledgement letter reminding the ideas through monthly letters from the CEO. These letters are complemented by the regional managers views on regional matters. The matter related to the current issue is been formulated to reflect the core ideas. In order to understand the mechanism it is important to understand the core ideas as a strong socio-ideological control necessary to believe a number of its HRM processes: career planning and promotion, training, personnel networks and recruitment policy. In addition, the se processes sustain practice-based knowledge withmanagement customers and loans. The unconventional approach adopted by the company helps in expanding the business operations. The key strategy adopted is to see growth is that the bank. This process helps in connecting with the local authorities in order to gain sustainability. In order to gain desired results, the process is to manage the bank in coordination with the local rules and regulations. The decentralized culture allows the branch to gain definite results by aligning the structure in the best possible way (Nilsson, Nordstrm and Bredmar, 2014). Actions taken to keep the culture alive The branch is more active in UK with majority of effectiveness. Despite having over 200 branches in the UK, the banking organization have effective culture modesty is the name of the advertising. The company doesnt believe in brand represents depends on actions. It is however essential to match up with the ongoing expectations in order to keep in pace with the changing mechanism. Their way of working is foundation concept that there is a complete connection between customer satisfaction and commercial success. Handelsbanken is doing pretty well in the market. It has achieved corporate goal of a higher return on equity than competitors for 45 straight years The lack of marketing expend that marks it out as extraordinary. In fact, Handelsbanken is incredible of an anti-bank, an organisation that seems to conceit itself. The organization has however provided with unusual 'computer says no' centralised credit-approval process. As a substitute it operates a decentralised system predicated to anyone familiar with the task. This helps in managing efficiency by coordinating with the people in a most appropriate way. They make requisition to the head-office regarding the change in service. The branch manager is the head of the bank. The bank invests its assets on each of its local managers. By focusing on the strategies, the bank is able to align its goals in the most appropriate way. The organizational structure and culture allow them in gaining effective results by organizing the most appropriate funds. In this way, the organization is able to formulate the long term sustainable goals. This will allow in meeting the reliable goals set in the memorandum. The effectiveness at the bank is formed in the same way that helps in gaining appropriateness (Nilsson and Nordstrm, 2013). Recommendation to the CEO for 2018 and beyond There is an extreme change in the economy that is creating a necessity to strengthen the banking structure. The culture in an organization should foster a continuous growth. Employees should be happy about working in an organization. It is important to develop an effective work culture in the third country. An excessive exposure of banking sector to risk is affecting the economy. It is necessary to protect the data against any exposure. This will help in managing the effectiveness. Moreover it is necessary for the banking organization to develop appropriateness. This is only possible if the organization is able to gain competitiveness. Especially, in UK it is important for the bank to develop an effective law and procedure considering the consequences of Brexit. This is important for the banking organization to develop an appropriate policies and procedure that allow in gaining sustainability at work. In a long term it is necessary to generate appropriateness at work. Work culture must foster effectiveness. This will help in gaining desired results within the given time frame. Policies need to be considered keeping in mind the needs of the local consumers. The bank has an explicit expansion strategy in terms of attaining a market advantage. Although, in coming years it is recommended to develop an effective plan to attain competitive advantage against local banks. Conclusion As per the research made it is concluded that, the bank follows a process in which the branches decide the costs of the head office. They examine the overall costs. They make requisition to the head-office regarding the change in service. The branch manager is the head of the bank. The bank invests its assets on each of its local managers. Certainly, its corporate motto is the bank is the branch. By giving an authority to the branch, managers have total authority within their restricted area to make a decision on every feature of how the bank is run its operations. A decision regarding the promotional functions depends upon the individual branch manager. In a banking industry, Handelsbanken has taken a diametrically opposite approach by decentralizing its operations. References Bartholdi, C., 2013. Can low risk in the Swedish banking sector pay in the long run?. Bergheim, R. and Ings, M., 2014. Local Management Culture Overseas: Handelsbanken Sweden and Handelsbanken UK. Blvarg, M., Handelsbanken-personalised banking in the digital era.Ban?ni vestnik, p.62. Crane, A. and Matten, D., 2016.Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press. Dossa, Z. and Kaeufer, K., 2014. Understanding sustainability innovations through positive ethical networks.Journal of Business Ethics,119(4), pp.543-559. Englund, P., 2015. The Swedish 1990s banking crisis. InRiksbank Macroprudential Conference. Jakobsson, C., Edvardsen, D. and Henriksson, O., 2009. Foreign Exchange Risk Management Practices: A Study of Swedish Medium-and Large-sized Companies. Johansson, K., 2016. Internet banking by Swedish banks. Johansson, K., 2016. The advantages of adopting Internet banking-Comparing customer and bank perspective. Kroner, N., 2011.A blueprint for better banking: Svenska Handelsbanken and a proven model for more stable and profitable banking. Harriman House Limited. Larsen, M.K., Nissen, J.L., Lueg, R., Schmaltz, C. and Thorhauge, J.R., 2015. Can the business model of Handelsbanken be an archetype for small and medium sized banks? A comparative case study. Lerpold, L. ed., 2007.Organizational identity in practice. Routledge. Lindsay, R.M. and Libby, T., 2007. Svenska Handelsbanken: Controlling a radically decentralized organization without budgets.Issues in Accounting Education Teaching Notes,22(4), pp.53-71. Nilsson, V., Nordstrm, J. and Bredmar, K., 2014. The need for liquidity and the capital structure of Swedish Banks following the financial crisis.International Journal of Finance Banking Studies,3(2), p.10. Nilsson, V. and Nordstrm, J., 2013. The Capital Structure of Swedish banks-Development after a financial crisis. Vasankari, P., 2010. HandelsbankenOur Way. InLean Enterprise Software and Systems(pp. 154-154). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

How People Make Economic Decisions free essay sample

Society must decide how to limit resources and how to distribute them among consumers, which means to have one thing a person likes he or she must give up another thing they like. The next principle: when a person chooses one thing, he or she must give up something else. This principle is the decision a person has to make prior to a purchase. He or she must decide whether the dollar intended to be spent can or cannot be used on another necessity. Next: rational people think at the margin; a person’s rational willingness to purchase something is on the marginal benefit the purchase will bring to the person. Finally people respond to incentives; retailers often use incentives to get consumers to spend money, encouraging them to spend now, is to save, and earn rewards later. There are three basic economic ideas that rationalize how people make decisions, and they are; people are rational, people respond to economic incentives, and optimal decisions are made at the margin (Hubbard and O’Brien 2013). We will write a custom essay sample on How People Make Economic Decisions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Economists believes that people as well as firms uses the information they can to obtain their goal, they weigh the costs and benefits and chooses the action or benefit that out weighs the cost. Different motives cause people to act on economic incentives; envy, compassion, and religious belief are a few of these motives. Last October I had to make the decision to buy medication for chemo, or pay the light bill. Money was scarce, and the medication was very necessary, so I decided to buy the medication. The lights were cut off two days later. The incentive of keeping the lights could have led to me making a different decision; however, my life is more important. The principles of economics relating to decision making is basically reflect the laws of economics, such as supply, and demand. As mentioned earlier, people respond to incentives, makes trade-offs, and weigh cost against benefits. As people trade their utilities increases; markets make it easier to trade, and with government intervention, some trading can be controlled. When produce goods and services are at an all-time high, living standards rises. As the government prints too much money, prices will rise, and people will face trade-offs between unemployment and inflation, these actions are known as macro behavior. There are mathematical principles in economics as well such as microeconomics; as supply falls, prices rise, and as demand falls, prices fall. The economic systems consist of four basic systems, and three of these systems are the market economy, the planned economy, and the mixed economy. The market economy; individuals makes his or her economic decisions, such as what job, and training to take, how to invest their resources, what to produce such as goods, and services and what to consume. The planned economy is run by the government; it decides how to dispense resources, adjusts prices, and wages and can determine what job a person may do. The mixed economy is where the market and individuals make the economic decisions; however, the government also plays an important part in maintaining resources. Finally, consumers, business managers, and government officials make decisions every day. These decisions make the economy; people make choices about how to spend his or her money to meet their goals and attain the resources needed to reach these goals. However, some resources are scarce and people have to make trade-offs to meet his or her demand, which means giving up one thing he or she likes for another. References Button, A. (1999-2013). Principles of Economics with a Guide to critical thinking. Retrieved from http://www. ehow. com/info_8035299_principle=economics-guide-critical-thinking. html Hubbard, R. G. , OBrien, A. P. (2013). Economics (4th Ed. ). Boston, MA: Pearson. Power, M. (1999-2013). Four Principles of Individual

A Sample Scholarship Essay Is Helpful in Choosing the Right Applicant

A Sample Scholarship Essay Is Helpful in Choosing the Right ApplicantThe most important aspect of a scholarship application is a sample essay. You should not pay any attention to the writer's capabilities, because you need to find one that will suit your needs. All in all, samples can be quite useful in identifying those writers who will meet your needs. You will get a list of those samples that you have chosen.Sample essays are designed by writing groups that meet to develop and revise materials. There is usually a writer that will provide feedback to help writers with the content, structure, style, as well as the format. You can also ask for the specifics of the writer, as it is not uncommon for colleges to have writers who specialize in specific topics.In most cases, those writers who specialize in a certain subject, such as business, education, or humanities, can supply samples for those who do not want to spend much time browsing through samples. These are usually sent out via e mail or fax, but other methods can also be used. The way to recognize sample essays is to read over them. The actual sample essay must not be a slight variation from the actual one, because it will need to be adhered to.If you encounter a sample which is very lengthy, it means that the writer does not understand how to write for the reader, and therefore, does not want to write for the reader. In most cases, the writer could not really articulate his thoughts and hence, provide inaccurate information. Instead, he should give only basic information about himself.One thing to note, even if you do not have time to look over the entire essay, just skim the first few lines and ask questions. If the answers were inaccurate or inaccurate for this particular topic, then the writer should correct them. Since the reader's response to questions is very important, then the writer should respond to the reader in detail. This is very important.Sample essays can be submitted at any time. Anytime t hat the applicant has free time and does not have many things to do, then he can always start a research on the topic. Once he has found a topic that he likes, he can easily come up with his own writing style and information, which will make his essay even more unique.The best way to determine whether the sample essay is good or not is to read through it. Although there are no specific standards, the writing must have enough information to give adequate information. The essay must not be too long, and the sample must not contain errors.

How to Write a 500 Word Essay Tips Tricks - Bestessay4u

Have you just stepped in writing another 500-word essay for one of your college classes? From â€Å"very simple and enjoyable† to â€Å"the disastrous Armageddon,† different students perceive this assignment differently, but all of them realize it is essential to earn a good grade by the end of the term. It will impact the overall grade-point average (GPA). In this post, we will discuss a recommended outline for the 500 word essays, their purposes, possible topics to cover, and some useful writing hints that can help you write your paper. What is 500 Word Essay? Brief Definition A 500-word essay is a common format academic task that college students should handle. The main idea is to cover a specific topic or reply to the particular question addressed in the prompt. Sometimes, students have to pick a topic on their own. Students who mastered a subject and developed a personal opinion on it will not find it very challenging, but, sill, it is important to keep in mind the basics. A 500-word essay can be one of the following: Definition (identify and interpret a term) Narrative (tell a story) Reflection (describe an episode form your life) Expository (explain a topic in details) Compare contrast (find differences and similarities between subjects) Cause effect (list the reasons and consequences of something) Argumentative (present your position regarding some topic) Persuasive (convince someone in something) Select the type of essay carefully as each has different goals. Tips on How to Write a Good 500 Word Essay What is beautiful in writing is that every writer has a personal style. You should decide on the voice before writing a paper. Would it sound formal or funny? How do you plan to persuade people? It all depends on the goals of your writing that are predetermined by the type of essay you choose. If you have to inform, make it just an informative essay, but insist on your idea and try to prove it if you deal with persuasive writing. A 500-essay should be double-spaced so that it will take something around 2 pages long. It should not exceed 50 words as the main idea is to check how you can cover topics concisely and clearly. Pick Times New Roman and Calibri in a 12th font size. One more success factor is a topic that you choose. In most cases, tutors do not assign a specific one, so do your best to select the best ideas for your writing. Brainstorm with your group mates using the internet or your college library. If you find enough sources related to the specific topic, feel passionate for observing it in-depth, and get the approval of your tutor, start writing a paper on this subject.   How to Start a 500 Word Essay: 10 Great Topics to Choose from So, it all starts from the topic selection. Students often make mistakes by picking the topics that lack related information. You should make sure you can collect enough materials to use in your work before approving the topic. Also, you should be competent in the field and passionate about the specific subject. Here are some examples of excellent 500-word essay topics from various categories: How to depict true love in a fairy tale? Does marriage destroy feelings? Living with mental disabilities. How to earn good profits with the help of the world wide web? The effectiveness of knowledge assessment tests in high schools. The meaning of â€Å"all-round † Issues that unemployed people may face. How can young start-ups overcome obstacles during the first operating year? Is space exploration worth huge expenses? Zoos have to be banned around the world. You may pick one of the offered ideas or come up with an original title for your work. The next significant thing to take care about while composing a 500-word essay is its outline. Guide on How to Structure a 500 Word Essay Now, we should talk about the proper 500 word essay structure. Put down a general skeleton of what you believe is worth including in your essay. Keep your outline open so that you can add new points and ideas at any time. Do not start writing until you’re ready with your structure plan. You’ll see how your thoughts will become more coherent and clear. On the whole, an outline serves as an action plan, preventing you from getting lost in the woods of academic writing. That is why you should develop one even if your teacher does not require it. A paper should have an intro with a hook and thesis statement, body paragraphs with claims and supporting evidence, and conclusion with restated thesis statement, summary, and solutions (final answer). Below, we will discuss every section in more details. 500 Word Essay Introduction Paragraph to Catch an Eye In the opening paragraph of your essay, you should describe the topic of your paper. State what you plan to discuss and why it might be useful. Provide background information (for example, the origins of the problem). Discuss which points you will talk about in the body of your project. The first paragraph is your narrative door, so try to make it eye-catching and appealing. Move to the body part once ready with your intro. 500 Word Essay Body to Prove Your Point The primary and largest part of an academic project is its body. Fully describe and develop so-called claims, which are the topic sentences of each body paragraph. Base the text of your body on a solid ground enriching it with citations, facts, examples, and other evidence obtained from the external sources such as books, magazines, journals, scholarly articles, etc. Involve transitions at the beginning of every paragraph and at the end to show how the paragraphs of your body are related to each other. Make sure to have a clear concluding sentence for each section. After that, work on your conclusion. 500 Word Essay Conclusion to Leave a Long-Long-Lasting Impression It is the final section of your essay. A writer should sound the most critically in some respects. Your claims must bloom into a thesis statement, a position that turns into public material. The conclusion should motivate your audience to keep on studying the question. First, restate the thesis statement. Then, share a summary of the topic sentences from your body. Offer meaningful solutions and some forecasts for future studies (optional). You may end with a rhetorical question to leave the readers intrigued. So, is there something else to add? Need Help with Urgent Assignment? We Know Where to Find It Once you are done with writing your paper, let your draft rest aside. Then, check grammar, syntax, and spelling or leave the process of editing to the professional team of writers and essay editors. We are ready to offer such services! Our writing service can either write a 500-word essay from scratch or offer essay proofreading editing to make sure your own work corresponds to the highest standards of academic writing place an order now!

Hate-crime Legislation

Hate-crime Legislation Free Online Research Papers A public policy issue that is fairly new is that of hate crimes. After Matthew Shepard was brutally beaten and left to die, and did, people began to understand the magnitude of these hate crimes and wanted to do something. I have found many web sites and legislation on the subject that support laws against hate crimes. Although most people think hate crimes are specifically against homosexuals, many other people are affected by them. Hate crimes are committed based on gender and race, ethnicity and religion as well as physical disability. Laws prohibiting hate crimes would be beneficiary for many people from many different backgrounds. After September 11, many hate crimes were committed against people of any kind of Arab background. Many people are at risk of becoming a victim of a hate crime, and there is legislation out there to try to prevent them from happening. Prevention is very hard to accomplish, but at least we can hope that those who commit hate crimes will pay for what they do. Also, the public needs to become more concerned about the well-being of those attacked because of their sexual orientation instead of just those attacked based on race, religion, or other forms of discrimination. â€Å"Hate-crime legislation increases a criminals sentence if it can be proven that the crime of which they were found guilty was motivated by hatred of the victim because of their race, religion, sex, or some other factor. Hate speech legislation criminalizes the denigration, ridicule, or expression of hatred against a person or group on the basis of the victims race, religion, etc.† (religioustolerance.org) The effects of hate crimes have been noticed and the government has put into effect laws against hate crimes. However, certain types of individuals are being left out. â€Å"Twenty-three states and the District of Columbia have established some sort of mechanism to respond to and/or record information about hate crimes related to sexual orientation. Of these only the states of California, Minnesota, Vermont, and the District of Columbia also identify transgendered people as a protected group for purpose of hate crime laws.† (Meide, 2000) Therefore, over half the states, including North Carolina, do not have laws against hate crimes specific to sexual orientation. â€Å"Although the federal Hate Crimes Statistics Act requires the United States Justice Department to collect and repot on information about hate violence related to sexual orientation, recording and reporting of information by all local police is not required.† (Meide, 2000) The government, especially local government and police, seem very lax about the issue of hate crimes because of sexual orientation. What these states are trying to do is put an end to hate crimes. However, the way the United States is right now, homosexuals and especially transgendered people do not have the rights that people who are victims of hate crimes for other reasons, such as race, have. Many people in this country oppose homosexuality and can turn their head when a hate crime is committed. From what I have read, the public opinion on hate crimes appears to be in favor of laws against them. However, I do believe that laws against hate crimes based on sexual orientation are not as favored as laws for other forms of hate crimes. Most of the people who want to see these types of laws strongly enforced are homosexuals and transgendered people. Most people do not want to see that a gay man has been brutally murdered on the news. They want to believe that things of this nature do not take place in our society. They are also unwilling to do anything to help. â€Å"It is important to note that both anti-discrimination and hate crimes laws do not only protect members of, for example, ethnic, religious, or sexual minorities. These laws protect all people from hatred and unfair treatment based upon, for example, a person’s race, religion, and sexual orientation.† (Meide, 2000) Several different types of people benefit from this public policy. Any type of hate crime or anti-discrimination is protected by the legislation. Those who cost from this public policy would be the ones who commit the crimes. Stronger punishments are being enforced for people who commit hate crimes. Many people who are against this bill have said they oppose it because it makes thought a crime. It does not. This is about actionsmotivated by hatred. (religioustolerance.org) Tate said this about a defeated hate crime bill in Colorado. The main argument against hate crime laws is that the crimes being committed are of thought. That does not make any sense. These people are not thinking about brutally attacking someone. They are actually doing it. We have seen evidence of this several times. Actually, people who might be thinking about committing a hate crime might decide against it because of the punishment that would follow if caught. â€Å"The opportunity to be threatened, humiliated, and to live in fear of being beaten to death is the only ‘special right’ our culture bestows on homosexuals.† (Carma) A public policy issue that is very important in our society is being actively supported by many homosexuals and transgendered people. However, there are dissenting opinions about every issue. Many people oppose and not very many states have tried hard to help the situation. When it comes to hate crimes based on sexual orientation, the public does not care very much. It will take a new perspective on the issue to help pass stricter laws and enforce them. Carma, Diane. Denver Post. hatecrime.org/index.html Meide, Wayne van der. Legislating Equality: A Review of Laws Affecting Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgendered People in the United States. January 1, 2000. Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance. religioustolerance.org/_hat9.htm Research Papers on Hate-crime LegislationCapital PunishmentThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoThe Effects of Illegal Immigration19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraPETSTEL analysis of IndiaUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresHip-Hop is ArtEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenRelationship between Media Coverage and Social and

Direct and Internet Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Direct and Internet Marketing - Essay Example e in the intensity of competition, organizations have understood that in order to stay ahead in this intense competition they need to focus on marketing. In today’s competitive business scenario marketing is the key for the success of any company or product or brand. In the last few years various new concepts of marketing have arrived in the market. Direct marketing is one of these newly developed marketing concept which is one of the most widely used marketing strategies that most of the organizations are adopting. In direct marketing potential customers are approached individually and this is one of the main reasons behind the huge acceptance of direct marketing. Another important factor that has redefined the term ‘marketing’ is internet. It has been found that in the last decade internet has arrived as one of the largest medium of communication. Today, in most of the developed as well as developing countries, products are purchased by the consumers online. So, it can be stated that both direct and internet marketing are two of most important concepts of marketing. This paper includes a detail overview of direct and internet marketing from both theoretical and application perspective. Bothe marketing concepts are discussed in the context of an organizations named Carbon Trust which is a UK based organization. Direct marketing could be referred to a process but not a technology. The process of direct marketing is aimed at not only selling the product but also creating and maintaining healthy customer relationships that would be profitable for the organization in future (Nash, 2000). As far as the definition of direct marketing is concerned, the most widely accepted one is provided by the direct marketing association. According to this association direct marketing could be considered as an interactive process where advertising media is used with the purpose of effecting a measurable transaction and/or response at a particular location. Direct marketing is

Public law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Public law - Essay Example This right represents entitlements of an individual or groups visa-vis the government, in addition to responsibilities of an individual and authorities in the government. These kinds of rights are ascribed naturally (Bernan, 2008). Usually, these rights are advanced as legal rights in most constitutions and are secured by the rule of law. The right to protest however in the United Kingdom’s constitution is separate from and prior to law, and is used as a basis for formulating or criticizing both local and international law (Bernan, 2008). Even though various basic rights like the right to protest in the streets should be provided with sufficient protection under any circumstances since there is provision of this. This is provided for in international human rights records like the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights among others. However, whatever this merits in collaboration with the other UK constitutional arrangement aspects, flexibility has been proven to b e problematic where the fundamental individual liberties are concerned. The imprecision attending flexibility in the UK constitution has left its citizens uncertain regarding the disposition and limitations of the rights they have and regarding their relationship with state institutions. In short, rights such us the right to protest in the United Kingdom constitution are residual in that they exist to the extent that statutory or common law rules have not restricted them (Bernan, 2008). 2. The rights protected by The European Convention of Human Rights. This convention clearly postulates several freedoms and rights such us the right to life, prohibition of torture, prohibition of slavery and forced labor, right to liberty and security, right to an impartial trial, no punishment without law, right to respect for private and family life, freedom of belief, freedom of expression, freedom of assembly and association, right to marry, right to an effective remedy and prohibition of discri mination. Parties undertook to ensure that these rights and freedoms are equally secured to everyone within their jurisdiction. International enforcement machinery is also established by the convention. The European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg was set up to make certain that the observances of the engagements are undertaken by the parties also dealing with individual and inter-state petitions. The Court has the mandate to give advisory opinions pertaining to the interpretation of the conventions and the protocols thereto as requested by the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe (Delmas-Marty, 1992). The control machinery which was set up by the convention has undergone some restructuring as a result of the entry into force of Protocol No. 11 to the convention on 1st November, 1998. Following this, all suspected violations of human rights are directly referred to the court. Usually, during the cases, the Court sits in Chambers of seven judges. It determines the acce ptability and merits of submissions and undertakes an investigation if necessary. With a view to safeguarding a friendly settlement of the matter based on respect for human rights as stipulated in the Convention and the protocols thereto, the Court will also put itself at the disposal of the parties. Court hearings are public unless the Court decides otherwise in situations of circumstances regarded as exceptional (Delmas-Marty, 1992). 3. The human rights act 1998 and the way in which the rights protecte

Industrialized Building System (IBS) | Literature Review

Industrialized Building System (IBS) | Literature Review CHAPTER 2:Â  LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction The objectives of this chapter will identify and study into the details and provide the literature review of Industrialized Building System (IBS). In this literature review of building system will also be covered in this chapter. The contents will focus on definitions of IBS, characteristic of building in Malaysia with application of IBS, advantages of IBS and disadvantages of IBS. The 5 types of widely used IBS in Malaysia project will be study in this chapter. In addition, the comparison of suggestion method which use of IBS in different building in Malaysia will be carried out in this chapter. Besides that, the systematic solution by applying IBS in current Malaysia projects which able to reduce waste during construction project life cycle which able to create and heading toward friendly or eco environment compare to conventional method will be carried out in this chapter. 2.1.1 Definition of IBS According to Dietz (1971), in the early literature defined IBS as the whole process of all the subsystems and components make full utilized of industrial production, transport and assembly technology. The IBS system is actually apply in construction industry is mainly to reduce input and generate more output by maximize or fully utilized the production, transportation and assembly during construction stage which indirectly save up a lot of time and costs for the process of above. (Dietz 1971) Meanwhile according Warszawski (1999), IBS defined as a set of interrelated elements, to take collective action that the designated and performance of the building. In additional, IBS is defined as a process of investment in facilities, technology and equipment, to minimize the amount of labour in the site, to improve the quality of building and to increase the speed of construction. From here we noticed that not only time and cost is being save up but indeed quality also can be improve by applying IBS. (Warszawski 1999). According to Parid (1997), IBS defined as a industrialized production technology used by the system, whether in component production or assembly of building. (Parid 1997) The interpretation from Esa et al (1998), IBS as continuous use of the system, so that the manufacturing use end-user to reduce waste of resources and enhance the value of each building craftsmen. (Esa etal 1998) According to CIDB, IBS is a construction process that transferring the substantial activities from site to factory where the building components are manufacture in factory then delivery to site and assembled at site. This is the process that involve prefabricated the elements of building in factory by using machine or formwork and on-site installation. 2.1.2 Classification of IBS In early stages, Badir (1998) proposed four types in Malaysia with Badir-Razali classification. These building systems which is conventional system, cast in situ system, composite building system and the prefabricated system is shown in Figure 2.1. Each building system is composed of representatives of the respective construction methods, thus further through its construction characteristics of the technology, features and geometry. (Badir 1998) Figure 2.1 : Types of building system according to Badir-Razali classification in Malaysia (Badir 1998) IBS also can be classified according to several aspects: According to structural system According to material According to relative weight of component 2.1.3 Classification according to structural system Panel system The loads are distributes by the large floor and wall panel where the building loads is support by wall in panel system. This system is suitable for those building are required large wall and this system is not suitable to building with large span. Frame system In frame system, the building loads are support by column and beam. The walls used is required light and easy to fix and concrete panels are introduces as flooring element. Box system The box systems is include those systems that make use of three-dimensional modules or boxes for fabrication of habitable units that are able of withstanding load from various directions due to their internal stability. 2.1.4 Classification according to material Timber The prefabrication of timber consists of two types which are ready-cut plus shop fabrication of joints (column and beam) and structural panels only consists of walls and floors without column and beam. Steel All the steel elements are prefabricated in factory then only transport to site to joints by welding or bolting at site. The large proportion of the strength to the weight allows a long-span or high-rise building. Reinforced concrete Reinforced concrete has high degree of availability, durability, low material cost and fire resistance. There are two basic trends in development of reinforced concrete IBS components which are precast frame members such as columns and beams and panelised components such as walls and floors. Brick and block Brick and block for IBS are prefabricate and lay in factory then only transported to site and last erected at site. With this will ease the construction works at site. 2.1.5 Classification according to relative weight of component IBS components can be classified according to relative weight. Majzub explained that the relative weight of components should be used as a basis for building classification because the factor of weight has significant impact on the transportability of components and has influence on the production method of the components and their erection method at site. Table 1 is shown the building systems classification according to relative weight of component. (Majzub, 1977) Table 1: Classification according to relative weight of components (Majzub, 1977) 2.1.6 Types of IBS and apply to building in Malaysia Based on CIDB (2003) the classification of IBS in Malaysia is broken down into five categories, which is a precast concrete frame panel and box system, steel formwork system, steel framing system, block work system and timber frame system . IBS is a construction process that use of technology, products, components and on-site installation of building system. From the structural classification five of IBS display section, which are mainly classified according to some modifications, the main groups in Malaysia by CIDB. (CIDB 2003) 2.1.6.1 Precast Concrete Framing, Panel and box system Precast concrete components are the most common prefabricated elements in Malaysia. The precast concrete elements are the concrete product that manufactured in a controlled environment and being transported to the construction site for installation. There are precast concrete for columns, slabs, lightweight precast concrete, permanent concrete formwork, and beams. Besides that, it also consists of 3-D components such as staircases, toilet, balconies, lift chamber and etc. High degree of flexibility is one of the advantages of the system in regards of larger of larger clear span between column, resulting in wider open space and freedom of greater areas. Precast concrete wall system consisting og precast floor and load-bearing walls of building. The load-bearing walls and slabs are transfer to construction site for erected. The system is preferred simple and easy flexibility with due to the restriction of removal of load bearing will making it a lesser degree of flexibility. The carefully good coordination and design between builders and designer, the erection process is very fast, and the number of wet trade in the field can be reduced significantly. 2.1.6.2 Steel Formwork Systems This is the system formwork which is designed by manufacturer to replace a conventional timber formwork. The steel formwork is manufactured in the plant and then assembled on construction site. The steel reinforcement and service conduit will be installed on site before the steel formworks are installed. the installation is very easy by using simple support system. It can be described as a mould which the wet concrete can be poured into the mould and form the required shape, these steel formwork systems are subjected to quality control. This type of IBS method is considered as the low level in the construction industry. The steel formwork system that used in beams, permanent steel formworks, tunnel forms and column moulding forms. 2.1.6.3 Steel Framing Systems Steel is a strong rigid materials, suitable for a high degree of flexibility across the structure of long term construction and rehabilitation of the architectural details of the framework construction. The components of steel framing system are rolled into standardized sizes. The component are then manufactured which involves cutting, drilling, shot blasting, welding and painting. Steel frames are erected, welding and the tightening of bolt after they are fabricated. The steel framing systems has been a popular choice, and is widely used in fast track construction project, the system commonly used with precast concrete slab, steel columns and beams. 2.1.6.4 Prefabricated Timber Framing System In the early 1970s, single storey low cost terrace houses mostly built of pure timber frame and wood which sitting on three feet high plastered brick walls and taking advantages of simple raft foundation due to the high weight superstructure. These prefabricated timber framing systems is using the timber in the construction industry for the building. Usually the timber framing system are consists of timber building frames and timber roof trusses. Steel plate is being used during prefabrication of timber to join members of truss. All members needs to be treated with anti pest chemical. 2.1.6.5 Block Work Systems The time consuming traditional brick laying tasks are generally simplified by using block work systems. Interlocking concrete masonry units (CMU) and lightweight concrete blocks are involved in block work system. Fabricated and cured of the components take place in the plant. The elements are normally used as bricks in structures and interlocking concrete block pavement 2.1.7 Advantages of IBS for public housing There are many advantages of implementing IBS. according to CIDB (2003), compares to conventional method. Following are brief descriptions on a number of advantages where using IBS for the public housing:- Advantages Description Reduce construction time IBS will requires less construction time Because both the site work and the fabrication of element can take place concurrently work at site only the erection of IBS components. So, this leads to earlier occupation of the building. Save cost Reducing on-site workers significantly labor cost for contractors. (Wisam 2005). Minimizing cost of transferring waste materials due to quality control and reducing waste material. (Noraini 2009). Exemption of the Construction Levy for housing developers who utilize IBS components exceeding than 70%. (CIDB 2005). Provides earlier occupation of the building, thus reducing interest payment or capital outlays (Peng, 1986 cited in Mian, A.T.E, 2006). Saving in labour Because the IBS components are produced in factory and higher degree of using machine so will reduce of labour dependency of labour and cut down the cost of labour. According to Abraham Warszawski (1999), the labour savings in prefabricated elements may amount to about 80% of their conventional requirement. So, will reduced the total foreign workers need in the construction industry. Optimized use of materials Higher degree of precision and accuracy in the production can be achieve by using machine to produce IBS components and consequently reduce material wastage. So, the wastage at site will be reduced if using the IBS. High quality and better finishes Quality control is an ever-increasing requirement in all construction. Controlled environment in factor, superior material selection and high mechanized technology lead to high quality controlled products. (Din 1984). High aesthetic end products through the processes of controlled prefabrication and simplified installations has maintained and ensured the quality of work in the construction industry (CIDB-(2), 2003 cited in Mian, A.T.E, 2006). Better quality control since production in factory is under heltered environment. Better quality will reduce the maintenance expenses because prefabricated components require less repair and preventive maintenance. Construction operation less affected by weather The fabrication of IBS components will not be effected by climate changes it is done in factory and only erection of the components take place on site Faster project completion due to rapid progress under all weather construction. Flexibility Different systems may use different prefabrication construction methods. IBS will provide more flexibility in the deign of precast element. By the flexibility in Architectural design (Warszawski, 1999). Increase site safety and neatness This method neater and safer site condition can be obtain thru this method. Promote safe and systematic factory working environment as minimal workers, materials and construction waste is requires on site. (CIDB 2003). Construction process can be less thru using IBS components especially for the wet work at site. 2.1.8 Disadvantages of IBS for public Housing Although there are a lot of advantages of IBS, however there are limitations for this system to be use too. Nothing in this world is perfect, so as using IBS. disadvantages of IBS are as follows:- Disadvantages description High initial capital cost The initial capital cost of IBS is usually higher than conventional method. The initial cost is includes the casting beds, cost of constructing the factory and support machinery. This method only can be achieved when undertaking large demand for housing project. Problem of joints These methods are very sensitive to the errors and sloppy work. Water leakage between joints is often the major problem when IBS is being used. This problem is clearer in Malaysia where raining occur rapidly throughout the year. Sophisticated plants and skilled operators The prefabrication system relies heavily on sophisticated plant, when skilled operators are required to the fabrication process coordinate and maintain. The entire project would be on a stand still if any of the section breakdown. Site accessibility One of the most important factors of the implementation of IBS is the site accessibility. IBS requires sufficient site accessibility to transport IBS components from factory to the site. According to Warszawski (1999), the transportations cost of prefabricated elements from plant to their construction site, amount to 3% to 5% of their total cost for distances not exceeding 50kn to 100km. Large working area Building construction using IBS required a large working area for the tower crane, factory, storage and trailers for the IBS components. Most construction in order areas are often congested and fail to provide the area required.